Computer Glossary (A–C)

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📘 Computer Glossary (A–C)

A

  • Access Point (AP): A device that provides wireless connectivity in a network.

  • Active Directory (AD): Microsoft’s directory service for managing users and resources in a network.

  • Adware: Software that displays unwanted advertisements on your device.

  • Algorithm: A step-by-step procedure for solving a problem or performing a task.

  • Android: A mobile operating system developed by Google.

  • API (Application Programming Interface): A set of rules that allows applications to communicate with each other.

  • App: A software program designed for a specific task, often on mobile devices.

  • ARP (Address Resolution Protocol): A protocol that maps IP addresses to physical MAC addresses.

  • Artificial Intelligence (AI): Computer systems that simulate human intelligence.

  • ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange): A character encoding standard for text.

  • Attachment: A file sent along with an email message.

  • Authentication: Verifying the identity of a user or system.

  • AutoCorrect: A feature that automatically fixes spelling and grammar errors in text.

  • Automation: The use of technology to perform tasks without human intervention.

  • Avatar: A graphical representation of a user in a digital environment.

B

  • Backup: A copy of data stored separately to prevent loss.

  • Bandwidth: The maximum rate of data transfer across a network.

  • BIOS (Basic Input/Output System): Firmware that starts a computer before the OS loads.

  • Bit: The smallest unit of digital data, 0 or 1.

  • Bitcoin: A digital cryptocurrency based on blockchain.

  • Bluetooth: A wireless technology for short-range communication.

  • Bookmark: A saved link to a webpage for quick access.

  • Booting: The process of starting a computer’s operating system.

  • Bot: Automated software that performs repetitive tasks.

  • Browser: A program used to access websites (e.g., Chrome, Firefox).

  • Buffer: Temporary storage used to manage data transfer.

  • Bug: An error or flaw in software.

  • Byte: A unit of data consisting of 8 bits.

  • BI (Business Intelligence): Tools and systems used for analyzing business data.

  • Blockchain: A distributed ledger system used for secure transactions.

C

  • Cache: Temporary storage that speeds up data access.

  • Captcha: A test to distinguish humans from bots online.

  • Cloud Computing: Using internet-based servers to store and process data.

  • Command Line: A text-based interface for interacting with a computer.

  • Compiler: Software that translates code into executable programs.

  • Cookie: A small file stored on your device by a website to track activity.

  • CPU (Central Processing Unit): The main processor of a computer.

  • CRM (Customer Relationship Management): Software for managing customer interactions.

  • Cybersecurity: The practice of protecting systems and data from attacks.

  • Cybercrime: Illegal activities conducted via computers or networks.

  • Cache Memory: High-speed memory between the CPU and RAM.

  • Cloud Storage: Saving data online instead of on local devices.

  • CSS (Cascading Style Sheets): A language for styling web pages.

  • Cyberattack: A malicious attempt to damage or access computer systems.

  • Circuit Board: Hardware that connects and supports electronic components.