📘 Computer Glossary (G–I)
G
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Gateway: A device that connects two different networks.
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GIF (Graphics Interchange Format): A popular image format that supports animation.
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Gigabyte (GB): A unit of digital data equal to about 1 billion bytes.
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Git: A version control system used by developers to track code changes.
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GitHub: An online platform for hosting and sharing Git repositories.
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GPU (Graphics Processing Unit): A processor that handles rendering images and graphics.
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Grid Computing: Using a group of computers to work on a single task.
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GUI (Graphical User Interface): A visual way of interacting with computers using icons and menus.
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GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications): A standard for mobile phone networks.
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Gateway IP: The IP address of a router that connects a network to the internet.
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Google Drive: A cloud storage service by Google.
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Groupware: Software that supports teamwork and collaboration.
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Gigahertz (GHz): A measure of CPU clock speed.
H
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Hacker: Someone skilled in computers who may exploit systems (ethical or malicious).
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Hard Disk Drive (HDD): A storage device that uses spinning disks.
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Hardware: The physical components of a computer.
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Hashing: Converting data into a fixed-length value for security.
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HDMI (High-Definition Multimedia Interface): A port for transmitting high-quality audio and video.
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Heap Memory: Memory allocated for dynamic program data.
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Hibernate: A power-saving mode that saves system state to disk.
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Host: A device connected to a network.
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Hotspot: A location that provides wireless internet access.
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HTML (HyperText Markup Language): The standard language for creating web pages.
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HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol): A protocol for transferring web content.
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HTTPS (HyperText Transfer Protocol Secure): A secure version of HTTP with encryption.
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Hub: A basic device that connects multiple computers in a network.
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Hybrid Cloud: A mix of public and private cloud environments.
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Hyperlink: A clickable link to another webpage or file.
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Hypervisor: Software that enables virtual machines to run on a host system.
I
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IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service): Cloud service providing virtualized hardware.
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ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol): Used for network diagnostics (like ping).
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Icon: A small graphical symbol representing a program or file.
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IDE (Integrated Development Environment): Software used for coding and debugging programs.
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IP Address (Internet Protocol Address): A unique identifier for devices on a network.
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IPV4: Internet Protocol version 4, a widely used addressing system.
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IPV6: Newer Internet Protocol with a larger address space.
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ISP (Internet Service Provider): A company that provides internet access.
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IoT (Internet of Things): Devices connected to the internet (e.g., smart home gadgets).
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Intranet: A private network within an organization.
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Inkjet Printer: A printer that sprays ink directly onto paper.
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Input Device: Hardware used to provide data to a computer (e.g., keyboard, mouse).
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Instance: A single copy of software running on a server.
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Instruction Set: The set of basic commands a CPU can execute.
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Interface: The point where two systems or devices communicate.
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IPv6 Tunneling: A method of transmitting IPv6 traffic over IPv4 networks.